Category Archives: New Testament

1 JOHN 2:2 BY B. B. WARFIELD (3)

New Testament, Objections, Optimism September 9, 2025 Comments: 3

Cross and world“Jesus Christ the Propitiation for the Whole World” (3)
PMW 2025-071 by Benjamin B. Warfield

[Gentry note: This is part 3 of an excellent article by renowned postmillennial Princeton scholar, B. B. Warfield.]

The Meaning of “Propitiation”

The expedient made use of by many commentators in their endeavor to escape from this maze of contradictions is to distinguish between Christ as our “Advocate” and Christ as our “Propitiation,” and to connect actual salvation with him only in the former function. Thus Richard Rothe tells us that “the propitiation in Christ concerns the whole world,” but “only those in Christ have an advocate in Christ,” with the intimation that it is Christ’s advocacy which “makes the efficacy of his propitiation effective before God.” In this view the propitiation is conceived as merely laying a basis for actual forgiveness of sins, and is spoken of therefore rather as “sufficient” than efficacious—becoming efficacious only through the act of faith on the part of the believer by which he secures Christ as his Advocate. This is the view presented by B. F. Westcott also, according to whom Christ is advocate exclusively for Christians, while he is a propitiation for the whole world. His propitiatory death on earth was for all men; his advocacy in heaven is for those only who believe in him. Here, there is a universal atonement taught, with a limited application, contingent on actual faith: “the efficacy of his work for the individual depends upon fellowship with him.” Continue reading →

1 JOHN 2:2 BY B. B. WARFIELD (2)

New Testament, Objections, Optimism September 5, 2025 Leave a comment

Savior of world“Jesus Christ the Propitiation for the Whole World” (2)
PMT 2025-070 by Benjamin B. Warfield

[Gentry note: This is part 2 of an excellent article by renowned postmillennial Princeton scholar, B. B. Warfield.]

“And he is the propitiation for our sins; and not for ours only, but also for the whole world.”
(1 John 2:2)

The Problem of “the World”

The search for John’s meaning naturally begins with an attempt to ascertain what he intends by “the world.” He sets it in contrast with an “our” by which primarily his readers and himself are designated: “And he is himself a propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but for the whole world.” John’s readers apparently are immediately certain Christian communities in Asia Minor; and it is possible to confine the “our” strictly to them. In that case it is not impossible to interpret “the whole world,” which is brought into contrast with the Christians specifically of Asia Minor, as referring to the whole body of Christians extended throughout the world. Continue reading →

POSTMILLENNIALISM IN ACTS AND PAUL

New Testament, Uncategorized December 27, 2024 Leave a comment

Paul preachingPMW 2024-100 by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

Though we had a brief interruption in this series due to a special Christmas article, we are now back to considering the presence of postmillennialism the New Testament. We are now in the Book of Acts as we move beyond the Gospels themselves. Having shown the establishment, expectation, and exhortation to the postmillennial hope in the teachings of Jesus, we now look just briefly at the proclaiming of the kingdom by his apostles after his departure to heaven.

The Gospels fit perfectly in the coherent message of Scripture that begins in creation, develops through covenant, and is promised victory in the Psalms and Prophets. And all that we learn in the Gospels undergirds what we hear so frequently in the remainder of the New Testament: the proclamation of the “kingdom of God.” In Acts 3:15 Peter preaches Christ as the “prince of life.” In Acts 5:29 he asserts his obligation to disobey civil authority when it demands that he cease preaching Christ. His rationale is important: “He is the one whom God exalted to His right hand as a Prince and a Savior” (Acts 5:31). The word “prince” here may literally be translated “leader, ruler, prince.” He is exalted as prince or ruler. Continue reading →

POSTMILLENNIALISM IN THE GOSPELS (3)

New Testament, Uncategorized December 20, 2024 1 Comment

PMW 2024-098 by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

Having well-introduced the presence of the postmillennial hope in Jesus’ teaching in the Gospels, we now come to his formally commissioning his disciples for world-wide dominion. Christianity is not to end up like the Essenes in Qumran: a brief blip in religious history destined to quickly fade away. Christ is establishing his kingdom for the long run, as we can see in the Great Commission

As a king ruling over a kingdom destined to grow, the Lord directs his servants to promote that growth. And as their sovereign, he not only commands their labor but promises his presence with them to accomplish his goal. He is a king with a mission.

Christ’s post-resurrection, pre-ascension Great Commission clearly declares his enthronement and his mission to world conquest. We must hear and follow the sovereign declaration of the risen Lord.

“And Jesus came up and spoke to them, saying, ‘All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age.’” (Matt 28:18–20)

Continue reading →

POSTMILLENNIALISM IN THE GOSPELS (2)

New Testament December 17, 2024 1 Comment

Mustard SeedPMW 2024-097 by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

This is the second in a series on postmillennialism in the Gospels. In this article I will highlight the optimistic expectation for the advance of the kingdom in history.

Jesus presents his kingdom through his teaching and his practice, his words and his actions. He especially describes his kingdom in his Kingdom Parables, one of his major recorded discourses (Matt 13:1–52). Here he speaks in parables so that his followers might “know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven” (Matt 13:11). These parables explain the mystery character of the kingdom, highlighting its hidden nature, small presence, and wavering condition (Matt 13:9–17, 19–22, 35–28, 31, 33, 44–45).

The Lord does not present a kingdom such as the first-century Jews and current-day dispensationalists expect. He does not lead a catastrophically-imposed, immediately-victorious, globally-dominating, military-political kingdom. Rather, he teaches something radically different. In fact, even his followers (who held first-century Jewish expectations) are initially confused about his kingdom: they “were hoping that it was He who was going to redeem Israel” (Luke 24:21; cp. Matt 13:36). Continue reading →

POSTMILLENNIALISM IN THE GOSPELS (1)

New Testament, Uncategorized December 13, 2024 Comments: 7

Christ preachingPMW 2024-097 by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

THE APPROACHING OF THE KINGDOM

In the Gospels we discover Christ being introduced to Israel and the world through the ministry of John Baptist (Luke 1:76). John himself even fulfills prophecy by being the Messiah’s forerunner (Isa 40:3; Matt 3:3). He prepares the way for Jesus by preaching: “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand” (Matt 3:2). And Jesus picks up on this theme as he begins his own ministry in Mark 1:14–15:

“And after John had been taken into custody, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of God, and saying, ‘The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe the gospel.’”

Let’s consider three crucial factors flowing out of this important pronouncement.

First, Jesus declares “the time” has arrived. What is “the time” to which he refers? It surely speaks of the prophetically-anticipated time, the time of the coming of David’s greater Son to establish his kingdom. We may surmise this in that he immediately adds: “the kingdom of God is at hand.” After all, the Father sent Christ into the world in “the fullness of time” (Gal 4:4; Eph 1:10), to initiate the “favorable year of the Lord” (Luke 4:16–21). This favorable year of the Lord is also called “the acceptable time . . . the day of salvation” (2 Cor 6:2). It is the very day righteous men and angels in the old covenant long desired to see (Matt 13:17; Luke 2:28–30; 10:24; John 8:56; Heb 11:13, 39–40; 2 Pet 1:10–11). Continue reading →

POSTMILLENNIALISM IN THE NEW TESTAMENT

New Testament February 14, 2023 Comments: 4

PMW 202NT3-013 by Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr.

In my last article I presented a brief summary of postmillennialism from the Old Testament. In this one, I will present a brief summary from the New Testament.

Immediately upon entering the New Testament record, we learn of the Messiah’s coming into history. He is “the Son of David, the Son of Abraham” (Matt 1:1) around whose birth we hear echoes of Old Testament victory theme, showing that his first coming begins the fruition of the promises to the fathers (Luke 1:46–55, 68–79). Continue reading →